Archive for the ‘Advertising’ category

The Challenge of the Sales Ad (part 3 of 3)

February 23rd, 2010

How to Write Ads for the Internet (part 3 of 3). See part 1. See part 2.

An effective sales ad is harder to create than a response ad. That’s because it’s much harder to get someone to give you their money, than to merely visit your site.

The only reason someone will voluntarily give you their money is in exchange for something they want. In the case of most businesses, that means solving a problem.

A famous marketing guru once said, ‘All marketing is about solving problems’. This statement is 100% correct. Your product is designed to solve a specific problem. If you don’t know what that problem is you can’t create a powerful sales ad.

For example, a car solves the problem of getting from point A to point B. A car does this so much better than anything else (fast, inexpensive, comfortable, fun) that it has become the #1 tool used by people to solve the point A to point B problem.

The entire focus of your sales ad needs to be the problem. Specifically…

  • What the problem is
  • Why the problem needs to be solved
  • How your product solves the problem
  • How your solution is different and/or better than other solutions
  • Why the prospect should trust you to solve it
  • What to do to have this problem solved

Your answers to these questions form the basis of your sales ad. They even fit into the following general overview of your sales ad.

A sales ad has four different sections. Each section has a specific job to do. The sections, and their specific purpose, are…

  • Gain a commitment to read the ad
  • Build the prospect’s interest
  • Create desire for the product
  • Ask the prospect to buy

Commitment to read the ad

This section consists of the ad’s headline and its first paragraph. Your goal is to make the ad so interesting to the prospect that he or she is compelled to read it.

The headline should state the specific problem that your product solves. That is, the outcome delivered by the product. For example…

The Cost of Security is Exploding. Now you can get better Security and Save Thousands!

The example headline promises to deliver something the prospect wants very badly. The use of the word ‘now’ also suggests something has changed, improving the credibility of the statement being made.

The first paragraph must immediately follow on from the headline. If it doesn’t do that, your prospect will quickly lose interest.

The first paragraph should also lend weight to the claim made in the ad headline. But it shouldn’t be too specific. At this point you’re looking for a commitment to read the ad, not a commitment to buy. For example…

Wouldn’t you love to get better security with SIA Licensed Guards, and cut the cost of your security? Not just for a limited time, but permanently. That’s exactly what you get from Check Security. Here’s how…

The example paragraph restates the product’s key promise, and then uses a hook to encourage further reading. Nobody interested in more security for less money will stop reading at the end of paragraph one.

That’s an important point. You want people to continue reading past the end of the first paragraph. The further into your ad you can get a person, the less likely it is he/she will stop reading. This is mainly down to the fact that your reader will have forgetten whatever it was he/she was doing before, and become increasingly interested in your offer.

Build the prospect’s interest

The example paragraph above is designed to lead the reader naturally into the second part of the ad. In this next section, you must build the prospect’s interest in what you have to sell. You do that by giving more detail about the product or service you’re selling.

This section should focus on what your product actually delivers, and how it works. You need to keep this section short and to the point. You must avoid getting bogged down in the detail. You’re not out to prove anything in this section. You’re simply whetting your prospect’s appetite for more.

Create desire for the product

At this point in your ad, only one thing will stop your prospect from buying. Doubt.

Doubt is the #1 sales killer. During the desire section of your ad you increase desire for the product by eliminating doubt. The doubts that rise in your prospect’s mind fall into these broad categories…

  • The product doesn’t do what you say
  • The product doesn’t exist (i.e. scam)
  • The product result doesn’t justify its price
  • The prospect doesn’t really have this problem
  • The problem isn’t more expensive than the price

Up to this point in your ad, you’ve simply made claims for your product. These are enough to get your prospect interested, and are the reason why he or she is still reading. But to get a sale, you need to create excitement. To convert interest into excitement, you must eliminate doubt. And to eliminate doubt, you must backup your claims.

You should do this with some subtlety. You can’t simply say ‘This isn’t a scam’, because all that does is raise the concern in the mind of the prospect. Here are some common ways to deal with doubt…

  • Testimonial evidence from existing customers. These should be scans of the original hard copy, or video testimonial
  • Scientific evidence
  • A free trial period
  • A money back guarantee
  • A generous warranty
  • A summary of your expertise (if you’re the product)

Your use of these techniques should be in conjunction with the benefit being delivered. In other words, you need to keep the prospect interested while you eliminate his or her natural doubts. The end result of reading this section of your ad should be an overwhelming desire to buy the product.

Ask the prospect to buy

It might seem obvious, yet one of the most common mistakes made by amateurs is forgetting to ask for the sale.

When asking for the sale, it’s best to order the prospect to buy. That is, to tell the prospect what to do. You should also restate your product’s main benefit in the form of a question when you do this. For example…

You’d to get more security, protect your business with SIA Licensed Guards and save thousands of dollars wouldn’t you? Click here and join now…

This example shows how to ask a question that can only be answered with ‘yes’. You get the prospect to agree that what your product delivers is something he or she wants. Then you tell the prospect what he or she must do to get it. In this case, to click a link.

Finishing off…

Many amateurs are uncomfortable with asking for the sale, especially in so blatant a manner as I have suggested. Amateurs tend to follow up with more words. It’s almost as if they’re apologizing for having had the temerity to try and sell something.

Don’t make this mistake. Ask for the sale, and be done with it. Don’t type another word.

You never really finish

At some point you have to stop writing your sales ad and post it to the web. You never really finish writing an ad. It’s more accurate to say that you abandon it.

I’ve found it worthwhile rewriting my sales ads every couple of weeks, in an attempt to improve them. My first effort is never my best. I encourage you to do the same, and let your ad evolve over time.

The Art of Response Advertising (part 2 of 3)

February 22nd, 2010

How to Write Ads for the Internet (part 2 of 3). See part 1.

In theory, getting the response should be easy. After all, you’re only asking for a little of your prospect’s time. Of course, there’s often a difference between theory and practice.

In the case of a response ad, you’re up against the following…

  • Getting the prospect to notice your ad
  • Getting the prospect interested enough to read your ad
  • Persuading the prospect that finding out more about your product is a worthwhile use of his or her time
  • Overcoming the prospect’s natural skepticism

The Internet further compounds these problems as follows…

  • Your ad is often only one ad among millions
  • Web sites are often hard to read, especially compared to magazines and newspapers
  • Most website owners are not publishing professionals, and may botch your ad, rendering it useless
  • Most specialist online ad sites attract other people in business, rather than good prospects for your product
  • If your ad is on a slow-loading web page, nobody will wait around long enough to see it

The paradox of the Internet is that it makes it easier for the prospect to physically respond, but much harder to bring the ad to your prospect’s attention.

The successful response ad

A response ad needs to do the following…

  • Get the prospect to notice it
  • Get the prospect interested in your product
  • Persuade the prospect to respond

These three tasks are all a response ad has to do. You should remove anything else from a response ad. Here’s an example…

Not making money from business networking? I’ll show you how to turn business cards into cash – instantly! Discover Beyond Networking.

Getting noticed

The way to get people to notice your response ad is through its headline. The headline on a response ad has one job to do. It must attract attention to itself. It must…

  • Draw the prospect’s eyes toward it
  • Spark the prospect’s interest

A headline will draw attention to itself if it’s bold, startling, or shocking. It will be especially effective if the headline is written to appeal to people likely to buy your product.

When creating a new ad headline, you should start by looking at the most exciting thing that your product offers, and find a way to state it in a single sentence.

A response ad headline should also be…

  • Short
  • Punchy
  • Exciting

Most Internet advertisers write dull ad headlines. Many simply name their product, and expect people to notice their ad sitting there among hundreds of others.

That’s not going to happen. Nobody sets out to surf the web so they can read advertising. Your response ad won’t work if it’s not the most exciting thing on the page.

Your ad will be exciting to your prospect if it promises to deliver something he or she wants. If you can find a short, punchy, and exciting way to say it, your headline will draw attention to itself.

Your prospect’s subconscious mind will see the entire webpage, and notice anything interesting. If your ad headline is interesting, your prospect’s subconscious mind will bring it to your prospect’s attention.

You’ve probably noticed this when reading a newspaper. Your eye tends to be drawn, almost subconsciously, to things you find interesting.

Developing interest

Getting the prospect to look at your ad is the first battle. The next task is to get him/her to read it. This starts with the headline, which must promise something interesting.

You must immediately follow the headline with something that reinforces the promised benefit. The headline must lead logically into the first sentence of the ad.

The first sentence must then follow logically into the second. These sentences should also be short, punchy, and exciting.

Your goal is simply to get a response. You’re not selling your product in this ad. You’re selling your sales ad.

You want the person to become interested enough to volunteer to stop what he or she was doing, and click through to your sales page instead.

Don’t mention the price of your product, no matter how inexpensive it is. The price is never a benefit in the mind of the prospect. Yes, there are exceptions to this rule. It’s not likely the exception will apply to your product.

Getting the response

The culmination of your response ad is the response. Its reason for being is to attract people to your website.

For that to happen, your prospect must become excited about what he or she is reading. You should then invite the prospect to respond. Ideally, you will tell the prospect what to do in your invitation. For example: Click here now…

This ‘invitation’ is both an instruction that tells the client what to do, and an order to do it immediately.

In part one you looked at the two types of advertising. They are the response ad, and the sales ad. You also looked at how each type of ad fits into the 2-step process.

How to Write Ads for the Internet (1 of 3)

February 21st, 2010

Advertising is one of the hardest things to get right. This is especially true on the Internet, where you’re competing with thousands of other advertisers.

Fortunately, most of the advertising on the Internet is written by amateurs who have no idea what they’re doing. This makes it easy for a skilled ad writer to stand out from the crowd.

This article is written for people new to advertising, and gives you an introduction to the two main types of advertising. It explains what each type is designed to do, and shows you when to use each one.

Most people don’t know what you’re about to discover, yet it’s not possible to create powerful online ads unless you know this information.

The two types of advertising

There are only 2 types of advertising that matter on the Internet. They are…

  1. Response advertising
  2. Sales advertising

Response advertising

A response ad is designed to get people to reply to the ad. This is the sole purpose of a response ad.

A response ad shouldn’t focus on selling a product, but on selling the response.

Sales advertising

A sales ad is designed to get people to buy a product or service. This is the sole purpose of a sales ad.

Two-step advertising

With two-step advertising, there are two distinct steps in the sales process…

  1. Get people to visit your sales page
  2. Ask for the sale

A response ad is used in step one, and a sales ad in step two.

Your goal in step one is to generate enough interest in your product or service that a person stops what he or she is doing, and visits your sales page instead. For example…

Wedding Reception Entertainment that will take your friends and family by surprise, and ensure they’ll talk about your wedding for years!

Your goal in step two is to generate enough desire for your product that the prospect buys it.

There are millions of suitable websites on the Internet. A suitable site is one that attracts people who are likely to have an interest in your product or service.

You need to find as many of these websites as you can, and put your response ad on as many of them as you can afford.

Your response ad then has the job of gaining the attention of the people who visit those websites, and persuading them to stop what they’re doing and visit your sales ad instead.

The Internet is especially suited to two-step advertising because every page can be linked to any another. If your prospect is interested in your ad, all he or she has to do to respond is click on it. As soon as your prospect does, he or she is taken to your sales page.

Take it from me, it’s much easier to get a person to click on an ad than it is to get him or her to send a reply coupon back through the mail. Or to dial an 800 number.

Despite the Internet’s ease of response, getting a prospect to reply to your ad is still a challenge. We’ll look at how to go about this in the next article.

Another 7 magic words in advertising

February 9th, 2010

When it comes to your ad, certain words will deliver more sales than others. For example…

I need money! Please click here…

$50 off the price! Please click here…

You save a whopping $50 – today only. But please hurry, you must click here now!

As you can see, each of the above sentences injects a little extra excitement than the one preceding it. The words and phrases you use in your ad matter. These seven words can help you liven up even the dullest of products.

  1. Revolutionary
  2. Secret
  3. Money
  4. Whopping
  5. Extra
  6. Hurry
  7. Certified

Revolutionary

Is your product new to market? Does it offer something nobody else is currently able to offer? Then you can use this word without leaving a bad taste in the mouth of your reader.

But be warned, you should not use revolutionary to describe something hum-drum. There is no such thing as a revolutionary paper-clip. And if even you actually have such a thing, nobody will believe you.

In other words, don’t confuse revolutionary with new. Do you have breakthrough pricing? Then use the word breakthrough. Is your product new to market, but otherwise unremarkable? Then use the word new.

Secret

The word secret speaks to us on a primitive level. We all love secrets, as long as we’re the ones in the know.

You can benefit from the excitement implied by the word secret, when you invoke it in your ad. Naturally, you should only do so if you can credibly claim to know something others don’t. Your use of this word must imply special knowledge that you have, or that has come into your possession.

In other words, tell a story that lends credibility to your use of the word. Don’t make the mistake of disabling the power of this word by cheapening it. For example, the ‘best-known secrets’ doesn’t work because anything that’s ‘best-known’ can’t be a secret!

Money

It makes the world go round. It’s filthy (as in filthy lucre). And the love of it is said to be the root of all evil.

Despite all this bad press, money is something we’re all attracted to. The mere thought of it can set our heart racing. You can borrow this excitement, and inject in your ad when you talk about money.

But here’s the rub. Money is only exciting when you tell the reader how much of it he or she is going to get. It has the exact opposite effect when you start talking about how much of it the reader is going to have to pay.

In other words, when it comes to money you need to focus on what the reader gets.

Whopping

This fantastic word magnifies the thing you’re describing. Assuming that’s of benefit to the reader, it can be substituted for more mundane words like big or large.

Another corker of a word you can try is humongous.

Extra

We all love to get something extra. This word tells the reader they’re getting something for nothing. It’s a great way to imply that your offer is a bargain, without actually saying so.

This works better than saying so, because the reader comes to his/her own conclusion. In other words, he/she doesn’t have to take your word for it. The end result? Your ad is more believable.

Hurry

When you want to turn up the urgency, and give your client the impression that your offer will expire if he/she doesn’t act immediately, tell him/her to hurry.

And by tell, I mean order. For example…

But you must hurry, because this offer expires tomorrow. Quick, click here now!

The entire point of these two sentences, is to introduce a little panic to your prospect’s world. If you don’t, he/she will lumber along in his/her usual dream-like state while you continue to scratch around trying to come up with next week’s rent.

In advertising, urgency pays the bills.

Certified

No, not certifiable! Certified.

It’s one of those dependable words that reek of stability. It’s a word that helps by eliminating doubt.

The word implies that some independent body has tested your product, and given it’s stamp of approval. Here’s an example…

Our certified professionals will help you to…

This one little word immediately raises the credibility of the sentence. The implication is that ‘our professionals’ are able to help you, because they’re ‘certified’. And by implication, they’re also better than some other company’s ‘professionals’.

Certified by whom? It may occur to an especially skeptical people to ask. Most people won’t.

Naturally, if you can provide details about the certification process your people/product goes through, it will lends even more credibility to your ad.

Make Him Stop! The secret to writing ad copy that works…

December 3rd, 2009

How do you stop a visitor to your sales page in his or her tracks? How do you keep a potential client interested enough in your ad, that he or she sticks around long enough to buy?

Revealing the enemy

The very nature of the web is working against a sales page. It’s oh so easy to surf on to some other page just as soon as the visitor gets bored.

But it’s not the click-ability of the web you need to worry about. You and I can’t change that, although you can minimize it by making sure your sales page contains only your sales message.

In other words, remove all links from your sales page, except those essential to get the sale.

The real enemy is boredom, and it applies to any sales medium. If a sales page is boring, the potential client will click on to something more interesting. If a salesperson is boring, the potential client will make an excuse and leave. If a TV ad is boring, the viewer will change channel.

The sure-fire cure for boredom

An advertiser needs to take a certain perspective on human nature. He or she must recognize what human beings are like deep down inside.

We’re selfish, and self-obsessed.

Oh sure, you and I aren’t like that. You and I are different! But you can take it from me, everybody else is totally and completely given over to their own self-interest. This is especially true for your potential clients.

A web page stops being boring, just as soon as it stops talking about the advertiser, and starts talking about the what the potential client stands to gain.

Contrast this with most Internet advertisers. The majority of ads out there, start by telling the potential client either…

  • How great the product is
  • How great the advertiser is

Snoooooooooore. The potential client doesn’t care. To stop a potential client in his or her tracks, you (the seller) have to put your own unquestioned greatness to one side.

When the sales page is all about the potential client, it suddenly gets interesting for him or her. When the sales page is about what the potential client is going to get, it’s suddenly very interesting (assuming he or she wants the thing on offer).

Focus

Create a sales page that sells a specific item. Don’t go for the broad-brush approach (too bad if your site is as Internet Mall).

An Internet sales page is much more effective when it focuses on selling a thing. To do that, it needs to focus on the item being sold. And in particular, it needs to focus on what the item does for the buyer.

The sales page must make it absolutely blindingly clear what the buyer gets from the thing being sold. And what the buyer misses out on, if he or she doesn’t buy it.

Halt!

The way to make a potential client stop, and start reading your sales page, is to make it all about him or her. And in particular, what he or she gets from the product on offer.

So make sure your sales page gets right to the point. Immediately.

Which is to say, get to the benefit. Immediately. And by that, I mean the benefit to the buyer. Not the benefit to you (don’t laugh, you’d be surprised how many people get this the wrong way around).

Why Time Matters in Advertising

December 2nd, 2009

The concept of time is very important in advertising. Your ad may be fabulously persuasive, but if it arrives at the wrong time, you still won’t get the sale. In advertising, timing is everything.

Your ad may arrive at the right time, but if the reader finds it slow-going, he or she will give up (or fall asleep) before you get a chance to ask for the sale. In advertising, time matters. And it pays off when you know how to take advantage of this fact.

Urgency

Urgency is important in advertising, because human beings are lazy. The advertiser might want us to “click here now,” but we’d much rather “click here later.”

Of course, your prospects never get around to coming back later. In fact, “later” is always some point in the future. It’s never “later,” because it’s always “now.” In other words, if you can’t persuade a person to click on your ad “now,” what makes you think you’ll be able to persuade them later?

The way to get past this natural human tendency, is to impart a sense of urgency. There are other articles in this Blog that talk about techniques you can use to create urgency (e.g. discount the price, but place a strict time limit on the reduction).

In this article, I’m going to discuss the words and phrases you can use to reinforce these techniques.

Words that impart urgency

The word “urgent” is an example of a word that imparts urgency. It can work especially well as a headline. For example…

Urgent notice! You must see this now…

This striking sentence must be followed up with something that is genuinely urgent. If you followed up the above headline with “Now we sell toasters,” your reader is likely to lose interest.

The above headline is also less suited to the beginning of an ad, that its end. Let’s say you’ve written an ad that makes a good case for buying your product. You’ve got the prospect to the point where they’re ready to buy.

Introducing the above headline at that point will impart a feeling that you’re about to given the reader some bad news. What you must then do, is give the reader some good news. And this news must also justify the “urgency” your headline claims. For example…

Urgent Notice! You Must See This Now…

Right now — today only — you get all five products for only $49. That’s a massive saving of $76! But please hurry, because this offer expires tonight. You must click here and order now.

This paragraph screams urgency, doesn’t it? It offers a tremendous saving as a reward for taken the action the advertiser wants you to take.

Of course, this technique and these words can only work if the reader has already accepted that the products in question are worth $125. The rest of the ad has to work hard at getting the prospect to believe the products are worth $125, and have the reader still want them at this price.

The “urgency” section then provides a large dollop of excitement, along with the threat of lost opportunity, that has a good chance of prodding the buyer into action.

Hurry

The above example used the words “please hurry.” In this context, the writer is literally pleading with the reader. By doing so, the writer implies that he/she has the reader’s best interests at heart.

Other phrases you can use in this context are…

  • You must act now
  • Don’t miss out
  • Rush
  • Strictly limited
  • Today only
  • Offer expires on…

These words are designed to imply scarcity. Either time, the discounted price, or the product itself will not be available for long. These words generate action, but only in people who have already decided to buy the product. Urgency only works with a buyer.

Urgency reinforcement

Words that reinforce urgency in your ad work on a subconscious level. They imply urgency and immediacy, helping you set up for the urgency section where you give the reason for acting immediately. For example…

  • As soon as
  • Just
  • Now
  • Going to versus About to

These words add value to your overall ad by injecting a little extra excitement. They’re also serve to reduce the impact of a delay between placing the order, and receiving the item (if there is one).

As soon as

Use “as soon as” instead of when or once, as demonstrated in this example…

When you get your Pro Marketing Pack…

Once you get your Pro Marketing Pack…

As soon as you get your Pro Marketing Pack…

The first of these sentences implies that some time will pass before the pack arrives. This serves to dampen enthusiasm among impulse buyers, because it removes the essential element of instant gratification.

The second sentence implies even more time will pass, and all but the most keen will find it hard to respond enthusiastically.

The phrase “as soon as” implies a far shorter period of time, perhaps even no time at all. It adds excitement to the sentence, rather than removing it.

Just

Advertisers often use “just” when they mean “only.” Yet this word is best employed with respect to time. For example…

Earn $5,000 in one week

Earn $5,000 in 7 days

Earn $5,000 in just 7 days

Notice how each sentence seems to shorten the length of time it takes to earn the promised $5,000? The fact that each sentence has exactly the same meaning is irrelevant.

Now

The word “now” implies immediately, and injects urgency into an instruction. For example…

Want to get yours? Then click here now!

The word “now” can also be used to imply that something has changed, leading the prospect to deduce even more benefits are available than previously. This is taken for granted by the prospect, even though the advertiser never explicitly says so. For example…

Now you no longer need to wait for your ad displays

Did you need to wait for your ad displays before? Maybe you did, and maybe you didn’t. The inclusion of the word “Now” certainly implies that you did, but something has changed. This creates the feeling that there is new benefit on offer. What’s great about this format, is it’s the reader who comes to that conclusion on his/her own. As a result, he or she will accept it.

Going to versus About to

The phrase “going to,” implies a longer wait than “about to.” For example…

I’m going to explain how to…

I’m about to explain how to…

Notice the difference? The phrase “going to” is less concrete, as if the promised event is too far in the future to be certain.

The phrase “about to,” implies the promised event will happen very soon. It’s far more concrete, which makes it more powerful.

There are countless examples like this, where your choice of words has a dramatic impact on the overall effectiveness of your ad. This example shows you what to look for when you consider which words and phrases to use.

Timing

They say timing is everything, and they’re right. Your ad can be shown to the same person 100 times, and have absolutely no impact. And then, for no apparent reason, the person buys on the 101st showing.

Why? Because the timing was right. The only way to make sure the timing is right for you, is to get your message out there as often as possible.

The 3 things your ad must have

December 1st, 2009

Your Internet advertising (or sales page) must have three ingredients before it make you money. These three things are…

  1. Clarity
  2. Benefit
  3. Credibility

In fact, I’ll go one step further. If your ad has all three ingredients, it will succeed. That is, you will make sales.

When advertising goes bad

Every advertiser will eventually run into a situation where they simply can’t seem to make sales. They’re getting visitors to their site. The site is online. But nobody is buying.

In such a situation, it’s highly likely the problem lies with the content of the sales page itself. The ad must be in breech of one of the three ingredients listed above.

The problem the advertiser faces, is working out what’s going wrong. This is especially true if he/she wrote the ad, because the author of the copy is often too close to judge it objectively. What can you do, next time you find yourself in this situation?

Get someone else to read your ad

Yes, it sounds so simple. Get someone else to read the ad, and tell you what’s wrong with it. The thing is, who do you know that has the necessary experience to provide useful feedback?

Unless you’re lucky enough to know an experienced copywriter, there’s a good chance you have nobody who can provide a professional opinion. Fortunately, you don’t need a professional opinion. What you really need is a person in your target market with no self-interest in preserving your ego!

If you know somebody for whom your product would be ideal, show them your ad. If you’re spoiled for choice, pick the person with the least tact. You’re looking for someone who will speak their mind, with little regard for your feelings.

Most people are tactful, so you may have to coax out their true opinion. Don’t simply accept everything they say at face value.

How to get the most from your critic

Once you’ve selected one or more people to judge your ad, and got them to agree to tell you what they think, it’s time to explain what you want from them.

Ask them to read your ad twice. The first time through, they should read the ad without thinking about it critically. To approach it as they would any ad for a product that might interest them. The second time through, they should make a mental note of anything that stands out. In particular, anything they found confusing or that put them off.

Leave your critic to read the ad. Don’t hang around, looking over their shoulder. Actually leave the room, and let him/her get on with it. Once your critic has read the ad, ask them what they thought of it. This is a deliberately open question, designed only to get things going.

Your critic’s reply will probably lack detail. For example, you may hear “it was good.” Ask what they liked about it. Ask questions that invite the critic to provide more detail, without being too enthusiastic in your approach.

Your critic knows you want him/her to provide negative feedback. Like most people, he/she probably doesn’t want to give you negative feedback. Past experience has taught people it’s not safe to engage in negative feedback. Naturally enough, we try to avoid doing so.

As a result, your initial questions may not turn up any useful information. But what they allow you to do, is establish a safe-environment. You can demonstrate you genuinely want to receive all the information your critic has to give (not just the good stuff). By taking things slowly, you’re showing it’s safe for him/her to be completely honest with you.

The way to do this, is to simply accept anything the critic tells you. Don’t challenge it. Don’t explain why you did X. Don’t defend your ad in any way. Simply accept the answer, thank the critic for giving it, and move on.

Any attempt to question or challenge the feedback you get, is a warning sign to your critic. It tells him/her to be careful.

Ask the key question

Once you feel the conversation is flowing freely, and that your critic is comfortable discussing the ad with you, you can ask the key question. It’s this question that is most likely to bring out the information you need. And it’s why your critic must be in the target market for your product.

Ask your critic if he or she would buy the product from this ad. If everything is going well, you’ll be told “No.” You can now cut to the chase, and home in on the reasons why the ad isn’t working.

Chances are, your critic will say “Yes.” Assuming the critic is in the target market, this is almost certainly a lie. If it were true, you’d have already taken his/her order! I suggest you test this response, and say “Great! I’ll get my order book.”

If the critic does actually buy, that’s great. You made a sale. If the critic starts backing down, you can be sure he/she was lying. This kind of lie tells you two things…

  1. Your critic isn’t comfortable being truthful with you
  2. You may as well cut your losses

If you get to this point, it’s very unlikely you’ll get anything useful from your critic. You may as well cut your losses, and find another critic.

When the critic won’t buy

If your critic tells you he/she wouldn’t buy from your ad, you have exactly what you need. You have someone who can help you work out why the ad isn’t performing. Say to the critic, “obviously you have a good reason for feeling that way. Would you mind if I ask what it was?”

This sentence is much softer, and less threatening, than “Why not?” It’s far more likely to elicit a useful response. Your critic will provide his/her answers. You’re now free to explore them in more detail.

Remember, ask questions. Don’t defend or explain. If your critic says “X put me off,” don’t make the mistake of explaining why “X” is necessary to the ad. By doing so, you invalidate the critics opinion. This will staunch the flow of information, and you won’t find out what you need to know.

Instead, ask a question about “X” to get more specific information about why the critic feels that way.

This simple approach will help you understand what’s missing from the ad. You’ll discover what the prospect isn’t getting from the ad. You’ll find out what he/she needs from the ad to make a positive buying decision. This information allows you to write a far more powerful ad.

What’s more, the process can be repeated using the more powerful ad (and ideally, a different critic). It may take 2 or 3 sessions to really get down to the nitty-gritty of what you need to say to get the sale.

Features and benefits in advertising

November 30th, 2009

Every advertiser knows their product comes complete with its own features and benefits. Every advertiser also knows sales are made on benefits, not features.

Ask an advertiser to tell you the difference between a feature and a benefit, and you may well draw a blank.

Is it a feature or a benefit?

Take a quick look at the following list…

  1. 64-bit processor
  2. You get your work done faster
  3. 1 megabyte of RAM
  4. Powerful enough to do everything you’re going to want to do
  5. 24 inch 1900 x 1200 pixel TFT LCD
  6. A big clear screen with plenty of room for your documents

I’m sure you already know the odd-numbered items are features, and the even-numbered items are benefits. It’s pretty obvious when they’re listed this way.

People make their buying decisions at an emotional level, which is why its the benefits offered by your product that ultimately influence the sale. This doesn’t mean features aren’t important too. Features help establish the credibility of your claim, and may also provide the buyer with a rational justification for his/her purchase.

Features and benefits both belong in your ad. The key is knowing when to introduce them, and the best way to use them.

What is a benefit?

A benefit is a desirable outcome that arises through the use or ownership of your product. For example, the benefits of car ownership may include…

  • Prestige
  • Flexibility
  • Save time

You can regard something as a benefit if it clearly describes an improvement in the buyer’s life. It’s not a benefit if the buyer has to translate the meaning of what you say. For example, prestige may be a benefit to a buyer of a luxury car. Plenty of legroom, expensive leather, lots of gadgets and a V12 engine are features that convey prestige.

What is a feature?

A feature is some aspect or component of a product that delivers an outcome. For example, a V12 engine delivers speed.

It’s certainly true that some features are so well understood by the buyer, they’re instantly translated into benefits. Despite this, your ad should still describe the benefit. This ensures the buyer responds on an emotional level. What’s more, the buyer may not be interested in the specific features that deliver the desired benefit.

The buyer’s subconscious will bring your ad to the attention of his/her conscious mind, as soon as it detects the particular benefit that motives him/her. If your target market consists of speed-freaks, you better make it very clear that your product delivers plenty of speed.

Lead with your #1 benefit

Your ad must lead with the product’s #1 benefit. That is, the number one thing your target market most wants to get from a product like yours. And by “lead”, I mean start talking about the benefit in the ad’s headline.

Here are two examples that illustrate the point. Which of these would you put at the top of your ad?

Do this and you’ll earn $25 million

Do this and you’ll never have to work again

It’s a tricky choice to make, isn’t it? After all, $25 million is a lot of money. But that first headline isn’t without its problems…

  • Such a large amount of money may be dismissed as fantasy
  • The reader has to translate the money into an actual benefit
  • The reader may not regard this amount as enough

The first headline asks the reader to think. It forces the prospect to use a technical part of his/her brain, and translate the amount into a clear benefit. The problem with doing that right at the start of an ad is we don’t want the reader to think. We want the reader to start fantasizing. We want him/her getting excited about the benefit our product conveys.

We want the reader to respond on an emotional level.

If the reader is bogged down with facts and figures, he/she isn’t getting excited. Despite the large sum of money being discussed, the ad starts out with the reader in the wrong frame of mind.

Benefits are exciting

The second headline puts the reader in a different frame of mind. Instead of dealing with facts and figures, it talks about the benefit directly. No thinking involved!

This greatly increases the chance the reader will accept the statement at face value. And if that happens, the reader will start day-dreaming about the joys of not having to work. This will motivate the reader to find out what it is he or she has to do. It has the prospect start reading the ad.

Benefits are exciting. The benefit is the thing people who buy the product actually want. For example, a car-buyer doesn’t really want a specific brand of car. The buyer wants whatever he or she thinks that brand signifies. It might be prestige, performance, environmental responsibility, fuel economy, size or safety.

Of course, your ad can’t dwell exclusively in benefits. A product’s features are important too, because they lend credibility to the benefit on offer.

An ad headline should get the prospect interested enough to read the ad. The introduction should build on this interest. Once you’ve secured it, the reader will want to know why your product is able to deliver the promised benefit. And this is the point where you should introduce the product’s features.

Each feature ought to be explained with the benefit (or benefits) in mind. It must be made perfectly clear to the prospect exactly what benefit a particular feature delivers.

Features belong in the middle part of the ad. They’re there to help the reader understand how the product delivers on the claims (benefits) made for it. The ad must then end by talking about benefits.

End with the benefit

The buyer wants the desired outcome (benefit) that comes with owning or using the product. A prospect will buy only if he/she believes the product will deliver those benefits. The middle part of your ad should prove that your product delivers everything you claim for it.

You must then turn your focus back to the product’s benefits. Remember, a person responds to your product on an emotional level. He or she will make a buying decision based on the benefits alone.

Your ad needs to close by restating the benefits, now made credible in the mind of the buyer, and explain exactly what the prospect has to do to get the product. In particular, you should find a way to remind the prospect that the main benefit is available just as soon as he/she places an order.

How to create web pages that sell

November 26th, 2009

There’s an old adage in direct marketing that goes: The more you tell, the more you sell. It’s every bit as true today as it was back in the 1950s.

Most amateurs think a sales letter, landing page or online sales page ought to be as short as possible. I’ve often had clients tell me there are too many words in an ad, and that people will “never read all that.”

This myth is totally incorrect. People don’t buy because the advertiser is kind enough to leave out a bunch of words. People buy because they’re excited about the product on offer, and the advertiser was thoughtful enough to answer all their questions on the sales page.

The less you tell, the harder it is to buy

Consider this from the perspective of someone looking to buy life insurance on the Internet. What are the questions such a person might ask?

  • Is the product right for me?
  • Is the company credible?
  • Can I afford it?
  • Is it overpriced?

These are the key questions relating to life insurance, in the mind of someone who has already decided to buy.

A web page that aims to sell life insurance must answer every one of these questions. If it doesn’t, the person is unable to buy. He or she is simply left with unanswered questions, and will be forced to leave the sales page to get the answers they need. As soon as that happens, the sale is lost.

So how much should you say?

That’s a good question. I learned everything I know about writing sales copy from a genius, who consistently produced wildly successful ads. He would answer this question with an exasperated grunt and a roll of the eyes…

You say exactly as much as you need to say to get the sale. And no more.

In other words, leave out everything that doesn’t contribute to the sale. Exclude nothing that’s necessary to close the deal. If you can say it all in two sentences, then do so. If you need 100,000 words to get the sale, that’s how many you should write.

It sounds simple, but it takes experience and skill to get it right. All you need to do is try different versions of your sales page, and measure the results. You’ll soon find out which approach works best.

Fast to download

Most people now have a fast Internet connection. We no longer have to wait more than a second to view a web page. Even so, you should make sure your sales page loads as quickly as possible.

Get rid of any graphical elements you don’t need. Keep the design simple, and eliminate other distractions. After all, this is your sales page. It should contain only those elements necessary to get the sale.

Easy to read

Your sales page must be easy to read. The color of the text ought to be radically different to the background color. For example, having light blue text on a slightly darker blue background is insane.

The body copy fonts should be reasonably large, but not too large. You’re looking for something that is both easy on the eye, and easy to read.

You can enhance readability by limiting the width of the page. I like to keep the width of the actual text down to around 500 pixels. Any more than that, and the eye has to scan too far to find the beginning of the next line.

The basic rules of page design apply to web page design. Include plenty of “white” space, guidelines to help the reader’s eye, and ways to keep people reading.

Don’t split the page

With direct mail, you’re often forced to continue a sales message over multiple pages. You don’t have to do this on the web. So don’t.

The problem with spreading copy over multiple pages is that people often stop reading at the end of a page. Your goal is to keep people reading all the way to the end. On the web, the best way to achieve this is to keep everything on a single page.

NOTE: There are special instances where you do want people to click through to the next page. These are more likely to occur in lead generation rather than sales copy.

Pack a punch

Most products and services don’t require that you adopt a sophisticated tone. Taking on “airs and graces” will kill the sale stone cold dead.

If you’re selling something that regular people are going to buy, your sales copy needs to pack a punch. You should use short, power-packed words that excite the reader.

As a general rule of thumb, the old-English (often with a Saxon root) version of a word is the better one to choose. It will tend to be short, and guttural in sound. In almost every case, it’s more powerful to use short punchy words than longer soft-sounding (often with a Norman root) words.

Treat sentences like words

Your sentences, like your words, will sell more when they’re short and punchy. One trick I use to keep sentences short, and easy to understand, is to limit a sentence to a single point. For example…

The new 64-bit processor is faster, and more powerful than the old 32-bit processor, yet costs the same, giving you the power to do more without spending more!

This sentence is unnecessarily complicated, because it attempts to cram two separate points into a single sentence. This makes the sentence harder to understand, and the benefits are lost as a result.

The two points are more powerfully expressed in this two-sentence version…

You get more done in less time with the powerful new 64-bit processor. And best of all, you get it for the same price as an old-fashioned 32-bit processor!

Splitting the sentence in two makes it possible to inject extra power (e.g. the words powerful, old fashioned) into the point being made. The author is able to focus on each point individually, and so has the ability to highlight the benefit. At the same time, the paragraph is simplified and easier to understand.

Tell the client to buy

Are you a polite person? If so, you’re at a disadvantage when it comes to writing copy for the closing part of a sales page. Impolite, but highly successful advertisers, do not ask the client to buy.

They tell them!

And when I say tell, I mean they assume the sale and tell the client what to do to place an order. Here are two different ways to ask for the sale…

If you’d like to order, please click here.

Click here now!

The first example is very polite, but it’s also weak. The second example might seem abrupt, but it’s much more likely to result in a sale.

We’re talking about the end of the sales message here. At this point, everyone who isn’t interested has already stopped reading. The people who are still reading are very interested in your offer.

They’re also human beings. They spend their whole lives avoiding action. The last thing they want to have to do is make a decision.

The very last thing you want to do is leave the decision in the hands of your potential clients. It’s far more effective to avoid the decision altogether, and tell the client what he or she needs to do to place an order.

Don’t ask — tell. Assume the sale, and it’s usually yours.

Please note that I’m talking about the end of the sales page here. Don’t use this technique at the start of the sales page. If you start your ad with a headline that says “Read this now,” you’ll lose most of your potential clients right there.

The forcefulness I’m talking about is only appropriate at the end of a sales page.

And even at this point, you’re not really being rude. You’re simply assuming the sale and explaining what’s required to make the purchase. In context, it’s not being rude. It’s being wise.

Summary

Your sales page can only be successful if you give your prospects all the information they need to buy. Don’t leave any important question unanswered.

Your sales page needs to load quickly, and contain short exciting words that pack a punch. Keep everything on one page, and remember to tell the prospect exactly what he or she needs to do to buy.

Advertising’s 7 magic words

November 25th, 2009

When I was a kid, and I wanted something, my mother would always say “What’s the magic word?” Advertising has magic words too. If you rely on advertising to make a living, you’re going to need to know these seven magic words and how to use them.

So let’s cut to the chase. The seven magic words are…

  1. You
  2. Instant
  3. Guarantee
  4. Fast
  5. Easy
  6. Free
  7. Now

Inject as many of these words into your ad as you can, assuming it makes sense to do so. For example, you wouldn’t use the word “free” to describe something that cost money.

Knowing you, knowing me

The word “you” must always be used to refer to the reader of the ad. If I write a sentence, and use the word “you,” it implies that I’m taking to the reader.

This is a very good thing, because it personalizes the ad for the reader. Consider these two examples…

Everybody saves $50 — today only!

You save $50 — today only!

These two sentences say exactly the same thing, but the second is more powerful. It’s much clearer to the reader that it’s he or she that benefits.

Gimme gimme gimme right now!

Human beings are not patient creatures. Whatever it is we want, we want right now! We drink instant coffee, eat instant porridge, and buy fast-food in record quantities.

Most products benefit from the instant treatment (exceptions are rare), because nobody likes waiting for anything. Injecting the word “instant” into an ad has the effect of increasing it’s power…

Double your sales!

Double your sales — instantly!

The above sentences both offer an attractive benefit to the reader, but the second example trumps the first by promising it now.

Guarantee

Doubt is your greatest enemy, and the most difficult to kill. The reassuring word “guarantee” helps you to overcome doubt in a skeptical world.

You make money instantly

You make money instantly — guaranteed

With the examples above, the first sentence makes a powerful promise to the reader. But the second injects more power by adding a single word! Notice the impact of that word on the overall excitement generated by the sentence?

Fast

Get out your thesaurus and look up the word “instant.” No doubt you’ll find “fast” listed as a synonym. So yes, “fast” and “instant” are related. But they’re not exactly the same.

“Fast” is an excellent word to use when “instant” doesn’t apply. For example, if you have to ship a product, you can’t use the word “instant.” But you can use the word “fast.” Here’s an example that illustrates the point…

We ship instantly, so you get your widget fast

Other useful phrases that add immediacy to your ad include…

  • “As soon as” instead of “when”
  • “Quick” when “fast” doesn’t read well (e.g. get rich quick)
  • Add “now” or “right now” to an action (e.g. click here now

Easy

As a species, we’re impatient. We’re also lazy.

Not only do we want it yesterday, we also want it spoon-fed.

That’s where the word “easy” comes into play. As shown in these three examples…

Five steps to weath

Five easy steps to wealth

Five easy steps to instant wealth

Notice how each sentence is more powerful than the one that precedes it? It’s an example of how to use the seven magic words to inject real power into your advertising.

Free

We’ve already established that people are impatient. We’ve also discovered that human beings are lazy. And guess what? We’re cheap too!

I’m not being altogether serious (just in case you were wondering). The power in the word “free” doesn’t come from any innate miserly tendency. The word “free” is powerful because it removes doubt.

When an item is free, the potential buyer is not at risk of being ripped off. He or she can’t lose when an offer is free. This is the real reason why a free offer usually enjoys a higher take-up than a paid offer (all else being equal).

The great thing is, once the potential client has taken up your free offer and benefited from it, he or she is more likely to buy something from you.

There are many reasons for this, but the main one is that you’ve removed much of the risk that comes with dealing with a complete stranger (i.e. you’re no longer a stranger to someone who has benefited from your free offer).

Now

The word “now” can be used in place of “instant,” but that’s not how I mean it here.

This seventh magic word can also be used to imply that something has changed, and as a result of the change, there’s now an important new benefit for the reader. Here’s an example…

You get 250 million ads!

Now you get 250 million ads”

Notice how the second sentence seems that little bit more interesting? The implication is that you used to get fewer ads, but due to a recent change, now you get more.

Putting it all together

These seven magic words may not all fit in a single ad. I’m not suggesting you contrive to write some kind of crazy uber ad that includes every single powerful word in the English dictionary.

You must make sure your ad reads well. And it’s vital that your use of these words makes sense. Simply injecting these words for no good reason will not produce a powerful ad.

Even so, with a little care and attention, you’ll find some or all of these words will fit any ad you’re using. Take a little time, and work over your ad.

You’ll soon pump up the power, and make more money as a result.